Essay

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1. How does your ecosystem differ from a natural ecosystem?

My ecosystem is artificial, meaning that it is controlled and not completely natural. Natural ecosystems are completely dependent upon themselves and have a chance of failing or changing due to human interferences. An artificial ecosystem is partly reliant on an outside source. In this case, I am the outside source, as I have created and maintained the ecosystem by guaranteeing the proper amount of sunlight, the location, and the amount and different kinds of species. Also, there are differences in the behaviour of the inhabitants of the ecosystem. My organisms do not have to compete for food, or fear predators, therefore increasing their life expectancy. However, the natality rate among my organisms would be very low, as there are only a couple of species and very few numbers of them. From this, I realized that an artificial ecosystem would be suitable for one generation of species, and not a continuous cycle.

Thus, I conclude that the two main differences in an artifical ecosystem in comparison with a natural one are a) The conditions and maintenance of the entire ecosystem

- artificial Controlled and carefully assuring appropriate amounts of sunlight, temperation etc.




- natural Easy to be interfered with the doings of humans; exposed to a various amount of temperature and weather changes

b) The behaviours of the organisms living within the ecosystem so as to maintain balance

- artificial Under ideal conditions, organisms have a high life expectancy and a low natality rate

- natural Harsher environment requiring adaptability; organisms have a lower life expectancy, but a higher natality rate

. How do plants make their own food and animals get the necessary nutrients from the ecosystem?

The aquatic plants act as a ‘gateway’ to the food chain in my ecosystem. They acquire their nutrients through photosynthesis. This is one of the reasons why 10 hours of sunlight is required. Through photosynthesis, the plant is capable of surviving and acting as a food source for the fish. The snails, as the decomposers, (linking the top of the food chain to the bottom), feed of off the fish waste and the remains of dead fish (when possible). The snails decompose the waste into nitrates for the plants to absorb. Because my ecosystem is smaller than a natural ecosystem, it only has two trophic levels. The plant/algae are the producers, the fish are the first order consumers, and the snails are the decomposers.

. Why is light required?

Light is required for three reasons.

a) Plants require the light for photosynthesis.

b) Light is required for the ecosystem to maintain a proper temperature in order for the organisms to survive. Sunlight is a form of energy, and it must enter my ecosystem the same at the same time that infrared light is radiated out .When the temperature is too cold or too hot (too little light or too much light), or constantly changing from one extreme to the other, the organisms (especially the fish) cannot survive very well.

4. What do you think will happen if a fish or snail dies?

Death is normal in an ecosystem as one generation needs to be eventually replaced with another. However, in an ecosystem as small as mine, death should not be occurring too often, as the ecosystem will collapse if too many organisms die. One death may not be that bad for the ecosystem, as the dead organism will act as an extra food source for the other creatures that will begin feeding upon it. The other fish may begin eating it soon, while the snails would turn the dead fish into useful nutrients for the plant (nitrates). That dead may be the cause of over-crowding, and it would prove to be good for the rest of the creatures, as its death would give the ecosystem more stability (more room for the other fish). However, the death of a fish or snail could also mean that there is an imbalance in the ecosystem, and the chances of the other few fish and snails dying is increased.

5. If your ecosystem is healthy, explain the factors that are responsible for making your ecosystem successful.

The perfect ecosystem has oxygen-consuming bacteria (from the water), fish and snails consuming oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide at the same time as the green plants are producing oxygen and consuming carbon dioxide. This is called an ecological equilibrium.

My ecosystem is healthy mainly due to the caution I took when putting the ecosystem together. The controlled factors (the factors that I influenced) included the container for the ecosystem, the temperature and amount of sunlight in which I tried to ensure would be appropriate for the ecosystem.

Firstly, I found a container that would be the perfect size for my three fish, three snails and few strands of aquatic plants. The number of fish, snails and plants was also taken into consideration as it would have to be proportionate to the container size. The amount of space in the container should be sufficient, as a clustered artificial ecosystem is the equivalent of an over-populated natural ecosystem.

Secondly, I situated my ecosystem in a room where I knew sunlight reaches for quite a few hours. Also, I placed the bowl in the same room to try and allow sunlight to reach the bowl at the same time of day. This is to allow the fish and snails to adapt to their surroundings.

Thirdly, I made sure that the bowl was not being overheated due to the amounts of sunlight. This problem I went around by placing the bowl at a safe distance from the window, while checking on it every few hours to see if the distance is too close or too far.

Finally, the rest would be left up to the organisms to develop a food chain, find food and adapt to their surroundings.



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